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This is far more deadly than any physical or chemical weapon ever created by man. Words and actions are powerful tools. It is because of these elements that makes a pen mightier than a sword. However to live in a world where war isn’t focused on guns and swords and tanks and missiles, “damaging” one’s way of thinking is another story.

Psychological warfare is an art of defeating the enemy by diminishing his will to fight. It is convincing the enemy that everything about him is of low quality, from his way of leading his men to his equipment.

Call it Psy Ops, Political Warfare, “Hearts and Minds”, and even Propaganda, this type of weaponry usually targets the audience’s value systems, beliefs, emotions, motives, reasoning, or behavior.  The said audiences that need influencing can be the governments, organizations, groups, and individuals.

Among the two major factors that contribute to physiological warfare are propaganda and rumor. Propaganda, according to International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, is manipulation by means of symbols. These symbols are words, gestures, flags, images, monuments, music, etc. These are tools to change people’s opinions, emotions, attitudes, and behavior to achieve the national objectives.

Propaganda has several devices that are used to start influencing the mind of those who listen.

1.    Name calling. To call someone in a term (like a direct accusation) that would let people judge without even examining.

2.    Glittering Generality. Associating something with “virtue word” to take something positively without even examining the evidence.

3.    Transfer. To quote from an authoritative context that will prove one’s point.

4.    Testimonial. Where a respected or hated person is quoted to state an idea upon something whether it is good or bad.

5.    Plain folk. Speaker attempts to convince people of his good ideals since they are for the people.

6.    Card Stacking. Selection of opposing ideals that may give the best or the worst idea regarding a person, programme or product.

7.    Band Wagon. Gives the theme “Everybody—at least all of us—are doing it”. This is sort of like following the trend, where it says we must follow the crowd and “jump the bandwagon”.

Rumor is information on news without verification whether it is a fact or falsehood. It usually circulates within a group in proportion depending on the importance each individual thinks. Here are some kinds of rumors that give different effect on an individual:

1.    Hostility Wedge Driving. these are rumors that started during the Gulf War series which speaks things against the US

2.    Fear (Bogy rumors). Creating false impression against a certain entity like Islam, calling Muslim as Radical Islams.

3.    Wish (Pipe-Dream) – rumors that somehow seems to pertain to that which can make someone glad like Salaries Revision

4.     Unclassified rumors. Intentional rumors from upwards to the downward to have false hope.

Rumors are said to serve as explanation and emotional reliever which is usually felt by the individual. Sigmund Freud sees this reason as satisfying man’s instinct since it is so amendable. These satisfactions are replaced by reasonable arguments sooner or later. As rumors travel it becomes shorter and more concise which makes it easier to grasp and told. They become selective perception, where retention and reporting are done on a limited number of details.

Propaganda or Rumor holds a distinct harm towards a person regardless of age and gender or social status. The powerful men have their own fight as they try to influence those who have placed them in their seat to still think of them as all good, while the average people deal with these in whole new different level. Background check traces this back to have started during the World War yet, let’s admit that this is still applicable whether in the office or at school, even homes find themselves with such arguments that at times lead to separation. Words are not just mere words. They can at times be curses that may instigate harm or lack of luck. Be careful in using them especially in playing mind games.

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About the Author:
Emma G. Fox is a freelance writer, with experiences working as a marketing executive in a leading authority on the web when it comes to conducting and searching public records and especially the criminal records, with the largest database consisting of over 26 billion government records is provided.
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Boost Your Memory Here ph

Many professionals in the medical field have been led to believe that direct reinforcement is the main method of learning. Thanks to the work of Albert Bandura we now know this is not true. Humans learn behavior through a variety of methods, including direct observation of the behavior of other humans. He found that this is an effective way to learn new information. This phenomenon, known as modeling or observational learning, can explain many of the behaviors exhibited by people.

Dr. Bandura identified three concepts of basic social learning. The first is observational learning. Through the use of a “Bobo” doll, it was shown that children will not only learn behavior from others, they will imitate it. If an adult acts in a violent manner while interacting with the doll, the child will too. Yet, he also found that this process doesn’t have to involve a real life model. Children also learn a behavior after having it described to them verbally or witnessing it through books, television or movies. This theory now encompasses the Internet and what is viewed and heard online. Yet, he did note that just because a behavior is learned does not mean it is demonstrated.

The second concept identified by Dr. Bandura is the intrinsic reinforcement pattern. Intrinsic reinforcement is an internal reward for a behavior such as a feeling of pride or satisfaction. Learning theories, through this method, are connected to cognitive development. This approach is classified as a social cognitive theory and external stimulus, such as a smile or a thank you, can lead to intrinsic reinforcement.

Modeling is the third concept studied by Dr. Bandura. With this technique, not all behaviors are learned effectively. The model and the learner both play a role in the success of this technique. First the person who is learning must notice something present in the environment. This is called the attention stage. If the learner does not notice what is being modeled, the process stops.

One way to increase the chances of this stage being successful is to provide an interesting or novel model, something the child will be attracted to. Once attention has been garnered, the second stage begins. This is the retention stage, which is vitally important. If the learner does not remember what he or she noticed in the attention stage, he or she will not be able to act on it.

In this process, the third stage is the reproduction stage in which the behavior is performed. Although the behavior may only mildly resemble the desired one, improvement will come with practice. Finally, the motivation stage is reached. It is here where the child will either receive reinforcement or punishment. Not only will the learner become more motivated, others who desire to receive the reward or avoid the punishment will also learn from the process. These methods of observational learning can be an effective method of changing behavior, both positively and negatively.

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About the Author:
Helping Psychology is your guide to learning more about the Psychology profession and the opportunities that are available in this dynamic discipline including Clinical psychology degree,Forensic psychology degree and PsyD Education. Helping Psychology is sponsored by Argosy University
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Boost Your Memory Here ph

If you have been having problems completing your goals, or just generally achieving to be the person you want to be, there is something ingrained in your head that is causing this.  The good news is there is a simple mind exercise you can do that will
start gravitating your behavior in line with those goals.  The “bad” news is  –well it’s not that bad– you have to execute it.  Don’t worry, it is easy to do and it will not take up a lot of your time.  As a side benefit, it’s a great way to relieve stress.

This exercise has to do with taking control of your subconscious mind, more specifically your self-image.  If you don’t control your own mind, someone else will gladly do it.  And we are talking about someone that often does not have your best interest in mind, i.e. advertisers, the government, etc.  Want a little bit of advice?  YOU do it!

What is your self-image anyway?  Get ready to meet him/her because here it is.  Envision yourself eating your last lunch.  Really try and focus in on how you are sitting (or standing) at the table, what you are eating, what you look like in general, etc.  Do you see yourself?  If  you do, you are seeing yourself as a second “you.”  It is like you have stepped outside of your body and looked at yourself from another person’s point of view.  Now THAT is your subconscious image of yourself.  And it is this image that will dictate a lot of what goes on in your future!

Now of course, you cannot literally see yourself from the “outside looking in.”  In reality what you really see when you eat is your food, your dish, your table, etc. but not yourself actually eating.

How you see yourself from the subconscious level has everything to do with how you behave from this day forward whether you know it or not.

Were you obese and eating greasy foods?  If you were, then this is your self-image right now and you will continue to be that “you” until you change your subconscious self-image.  When confronted with the choice of exercising or not, you will choose
not to exercise because you can’t “see” (and believe) yourself as being a type of person that lives the physically fit lifestyle.  Imagine how different your life will be if you reprogrammed your mind by “seeing” (and BELIEVING) yourself as being that fit type of person.  How would he/she act?  What would he/she be doing?

For most of us, we never see our subconscious image and that is like taking off on your jet with no destination in mind.  

Envision how you want to look like and be like and ACT like and you will arrive at that destination.

So what exercise do you have to do to start becoming the person you want to become?  Well, like I said it’s easy and many of us just do not take the time to do it.  What a disaster.  OK, here’s what you do:

1.  Pick a professional or personal goal that is REALLY DESIRABLE to you.  I mean it would be life changing, or at least make a big impact in your life if you accomplished this goal.

2.  Find a quiet quiet place where you can lie down or recline and no one will disturb you.  Loosen any tight clothing so that you are very comfortable.  

3.  Relax your body, starting from your feet and working your way up.  Imagine that every breath you take you are breathing through the soles of your feet.

4.  Once relaxed, give your self a test by suggesting your eye lids are very heavy.  Count backwards from 5 – 1 and tell yourself by the time you reach 1 your lids will feel like lead is holding them shut.  When you are done counting try and open you lids.  If you cannot, then you know your mind is responding to visualization and are ready to perform the exercise (if you can open your eyes, repeat the countdown and self-suggestion).   

5.  When in this state of mind, go into the future and picture yourself as if you had already accomplished your goal.  Picture it vividly so you can feel the elation and see any all the details.  Tell yourself this is how you want your life to look and be like.  Spend at least 5 minutes with this image.

6.  Then, slowly start counting from 1 – 5 while suggesting to yourself that you will feel relaxed and refreshed when you awake.  At the count of 5 you awake and carry on your day/night.

It’s normal for some people to have their minds wander when first doing this exercise.  But as you get better, you will begin to do this with efficiency.

Do not expect immediate results because although some people respond quickly, it is rare.  Habits take around 21-30 days to form and this same rule applies to visualization.  So, do this for the next 30 days to change your behavior.  This repetition is very important to get your desirable goal planted in your head!  

The better able you are to see that picture of yourself, the more likely your are to achieve your goals.  Having a clear cut vision is what you are trying to accomplish here.

Give your subconscious a crystal clear self-image so it knows where to take you.  This is the “endurance motivation” that so many people lack.  But now YOU know.

Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/self-help-articles/practice-this-psychological-phenomenon-and-youll-accomplish-any-goal-1581215.html

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